He was imprisoned for six months in 1871 for his involvement with the Paris Commune and lived in exile in Switzerland from 1873 until his death four years later. Courbet, a socialist, was active in the political developments of France. Courbet's subsequent paintings were mostly of a less overtly political character: landscapes, seascapes, hunting scenes, nudes, and still lifes. They challenged convention by depicting unidealized peasants and workers, often on a grand scale traditionally reserved for paintings of religious or historical subjects. Courbet occupies an important place in 19th-century French painting as an innovator and as an artist willing to make bold social statements through his work.Ĭourbet's paintings of the late 1840s and early 1850s brought him his first recognition. His independence set an example that was important to later artists, such as the Impressionists and the Cubists. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and the Romanticism of the previous generation of visual artists. Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( UK: / ˈ k ʊər b eɪ/ KOOR-bay, US: / k ʊər ˈ b eɪ/ koor- BAY, French: 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Nominated to receive the French Legion of Honor in 1870 (refused)
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